Cryptography

Cryptography is the practice of securing communication and data by converting it into a non-readable format using encryption techniques. It ensures confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation of information exchanged between parties.

Key Concepts

• Encryption: Converting plaintext to ciphertext
• Decryption: Converting ciphertext back to plaintext
• Symmetric encryption: Same key for encryption and decryption
• Asymmetric encryption: Different keys for encryption and decryption